El papel de la gobernanza en la adopción de las criptomonedas: un análisis comparativo entre América Latina y la Europa en desarrollo

Palabras clave:

Criptomonedas, América Latina, Europa, Gobernanza

Resumen

Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar en qué medida el nivel de gobernanza de un país determina y fomenta implícitamente el uso de criptomonedas, así como los principales elementos asociados al uso de monedas alternativas a las tradicionales. La metodología utilizada es un análisis descriptivo de las variables, un análisis econométrico mediante un ANOVA y la aplicación de un modelo de regresión truncada, cuyo objetivo es acercar la investigación a la posible correlación entre los indicadores de gobernanza y la tasa de adopción de las criptomonedas. El estudio concluye que los países con bajos niveles de gobernanza están directamente relacionados con una mayor adopción de las criptomonedas. Según nuestro conocimiento, este estudio es el primero en analizar la relación entre la adopción de las criptomonedas y la gobernanza institucional comparando dos regiones con diferentes niveles de desarrollo. La investigación se ve limitada por la existencia de otros factores que influyen en el marco analítico de la adopción de las criptomonedas, pero la disponibilidad de datos ha permitido que el presente estudio se centre en los aspectos de gobernanza. Ahora bien, a pesar de que los indicadores de gobernanza presentan un análisis global en cuanto a su medición, no se especifican los aspectos relevantes de cada país. Es posible que la adopción de las criptomonedas en algunos países no esté fuertemente relacionada con aspectos de gobernanza, sino más bien con las regulaciones favorables que se han implementado.

 

Descargas

La descarga de datos todavía no está disponible.

Altmetrics

Citas

Acemoglu, Daron & Robinson, James A. (2001). A Theory of Political Transitions. American Economic Review, 91(4), 938-963.

Al Naqbi, Shaikha Ali, Nobanee, Haitham & Ellili, Nejla Ould Daodud (2025). Global Trends and Insights into Cryptocurrency-Related Financial Crime. Research in International Business and Finance, 75, 102756. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2025.102756

Alexakis, Christos, Anselmi, Giulio & Petrella, G. (2024). Flight to Cryptos: Evidence on the Use of Cryptocurrencies in Times of Geopolitical Tensions. International Review of Economics & Finance, 89, 498-523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2023.07.054

Alnasaa, Marwa, Gueorguiev, Nikolay, Honda, Jiro, Imamoglu, Eslem, Mauro, Paolo, Primus, Keyra & Rozhkov, Dmitriy (2022). Crypto-Assets, Corruption, and Capital Controls: Cross-Country Correlations. Economic Letters, 215, 110492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2022.110492

AlQudah, Mohammad Zakaria & Bariviera, Aurelio F. (2026). Systematic and Bibliometric Reviews of Cryptocurrency Market Regulation: Trends, Influential Contributions, and Future Directions. Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 34(1),1-37. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRC-11-2024-0232

Auer, Raphael & Claessens, Stijn (2018). Regulating Cryptocurrencies: Assessing Market Reactions. BIS Quarterly Review. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3288097

Azam, Muhammad (2022). Governance and Economic Growth: Evidence from 14 Latin America and Caribbean Countries. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 13, 1470-1495. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-021-00781-2

Bhimani, Alnoor, Hausken, Kjell & Arif, Sameen (2022). Do National Development Factors Affect Cryptocurrency Adoption? Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 181, 121739. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121739

Burgess, Thomas (2024). A Multi-Jurisdictional Perspective: To What Extent Can Cryptocurrency Be Regulated? And if so, Who Should Regulate Cryptocurrency? Journal of Economic Criminology, 5, 100086. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconc.2024.100086

Cárdenas, Gilberto, García, Sofía & Salas, Álvaro (2018a). A Synthetic Indicator of Corruption for Latin America: a Global Vision. Competitiveness Review, 28(2), 194-212. https://doi.org/10.1108/CR-09-2017-0061

Cárdenas, Gilberto, García, Sofía & Salas, Álvaro (2018b). Institutional Framework and Governance in Latin America. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 13(5), 1088-1107. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJoEM-09-2017-0371

Chainalysis (2021). The 2021 Geography of Cryptocurrency Report. Analysis of Geographic Trends in Cryptocurrency Adoption and Usage. Available at: https://go.chainalysis.com/rs/503-FAP-074/images/Geography-of-Cryptocurrency-2021.pdf (accessed 26 February 2025).

Chavez-Perez, Juan, Melgarejo-Espinoza, Raquel, Sevillano-Vega, Victor & Iparraguirre-Villanueva, Orlando. (2025). Impact of Cryptocurrencies and Their Technological Infrastructure on Global Financial Regulation: Challenges for Regulators and New Regulations. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 16(4). http://dx.doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2025.0160480

Chokor, Ahmad & Alfieri, Elise (2021). Long and Short-Term Impacts of Regulation in the Cryptocurrency Market. The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, 81, 157-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.qref.2021.05.005

Cuadrado-Avilés, Daniel Vinicio, Ponce-Molina, David Alexander, Valdivieso- Bonilla, Alexis Polivio & Proaño-Altamirano, Gladys Elisabeth (2021). Revisión literaria de la implementación de Criptomonedas y Blockchain dentro de las Fintech en América Latina. Revista de Investigación SIGMA, 8(2), 64-73. https://doi.org/10.24133/sigma.v8i02.2559

De Vaal, Albert & Ebben, Wouter (2011). Institutions and the Relation between Corruption and Economic Growth. Review of Development Economics, 15(1), 108-123. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9361.2010.00596.x

Dietsche, Evelyn (2007). Why the Quality of Institutions Is not a Cure for the ‘Resource Curse’. The Journal of Energy and Development, 32(2), 262-282.

Doyle, David (2011). The Legitimacy of Political Institutions: Explaining Contemporary Populism in Latin America. Comparative Political Studies, 44(11). https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414011407469

Fletcher, Emily, Larkin, Charles & Corbet, Shaen (2021). Countering Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing: A case for Bitcoin Regulation. Research in International Business and Finance, 56, 101387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2021.101387

Garzón, Eduardo, Cruz, Esteban, Medialdea, Bibiana & Sánchez, Carlos (2023). Money or Crypto-Gold? Problematics and Possible Worlds for Cryptocurrencies. Economia Internazionale/International Economics, Camera di Commercio Industria Artigianato Agricoltura di Genova, 76(3), 429-452.

Gonzálvez-Gallego, Nicolás & Pérez-Cárceles, María Concepción (2021a). Cryptocurrencies and Illicit Practices: The Role of Governance. Economic Analysis and Policy, 72, 203-212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eap.2021.08.003

Gonzálvez-Gallego, Nicolás & Pérez-Cárceles, María Concepción (2021b). Does Goodness of Governance Dissuade Citizens from Using Cryptocurrency? Economics & Sociology, 14(1), 11-27. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-1/1

Gorjón, Sergio (2021). El papel de los criptoactivos como moneda de curso legal: el ejemplo de El Salvador. Boletín Económico (4/2021). Banco de España.

Guo, Yongsheng, Yousef, Ezaddin & Muhammad Naseer, Mirza (2025). Examining the Drivers and Economic and Social Impacts of Cryptocurrency Adoption. FinTech, 4(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.3390/fintech4010005

Greene, William (2003). Econometric Analysis. 5th Edition, New Jersey. Prentice Hall.

Hairudin, Aiman, Sifat, Imtiaz Mohammad, Mohamad, Azhar & Yusof, Yusniliyana. (2022). Cryptocurrencies: A survey on Acceptance, Governance and Market Dynamics. International Journal of Finance & Economics, 27(4), 4633-4659. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2392

Härdle, Wolfgang Karl, Harvey, Campbell, & Reule, Raphael (2019). Understanding Cryptocurrencies. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3360304

Helmke, Gretchen (2010). The Origins of Institutional Crises in Latin America. American Journal of Political Science, 54(3), 737-750.

Irandoust, Manuchehr (2024). Informality and Taxation: Evidence from Seven Latin American Countries. Hacienda Pública Española/Review of Public Economics, 248, 91-114. https://dx.doi.org/10.7866/HPE-RPE.24.1.5

Kaufmann, Daniel, Kraay, Aart & Mastruzzi, Massimo (2011). The Worldwide Governance Indicators: Methodology and Analytical Issues. Journal on the Rule of Law, 3, 220-246. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1876404511200046

Keneck-Massil, Joseph, Nomo-Belaya, Clery & Owoundi, Ferdinand (2021). The Corruption and Income Inequality Puzzle: Does Political Power Distribution Matter? Economic Modelling, 103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2021.105610

Lago Peñas, Santiago (2018). Economía sumergida y fraude fiscal en España: ¿Qué sabemos? ¿Qué podemos hacer? Funcas.

Levene, Howard (1960). Robust Tests for Equality of Variances. In I.Olkin (Ed.), Contributions to Probability and Statistics (pp.278-292). Standford University Press.

Lising, Paolo Joseph Layosa (2026). Reassessing Blockchain in Global Development: Tokenization of Infrastructure, Social Impacts, and the Axie Infinity Case in the Philippines. Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 13, 102340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.102340

Mahdavieh, Rose (2022). State Adoption of Cryptocurrency: A Case Study Analysis of Iran, Russia, and Venezuela. American Journal of Undergraduate Research, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.33697/ajur.2022.055

Mohammed, Medina Ayta, De-Pablos-Herededo, Carmen & Montes, José Luis (2023). Exploring the Factors Affecting Countries´ Adoption of Blockchain- Enabled Central Bank Digital Currencies. Future Internet, 15(10), 321. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi15100321

Nguyen, Linh Thi My & Nguyen, Phong Thanh (2024). Determinants of Cryptocurrency and Decentralized Finance Adoption-A Configurational Exploration. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 201, 123244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2024.123244

Pattnaik, Debidutta, Hassan, M. Kabir, Dsouza, Arun, Tiwari, Aviral & Devji, Shridev (2023). Ex-Post Facto Analysis of Cryptocurrency Literature over a Decade Using Bibliometric Technique. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 189, 122339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122339

Raza, Syed Ali, Khan, Komal Akram, Guesmi, Khaled & Benkraiem, Ramzi (2023). Uncertainty in the Financial Regulation Policy and the Boom of Cryptocurrencies. Finance Research Letters, 52, 103515. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2022.103515

Rosales, Antulio (2021). Unveiling the Power behind Cryptocurrency Mining in Venezuela: A Fragile Energy Infrastructure and Precarious Labor. Energy Research & Social Science, 79, 102167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2021.102167

Segovia, Joselin, Pontarollo, Nicola & Orellana, Mercy (2021). Discontent with Democracy in Latin America. Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 14(3), 417-438. https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsab020

Shanaev, Savva, Sharma, Satish, Ghimire, Binam & Shuraeva, Arina (2019). Taming the blockchain beast? Regulatory implications for the cryptocurrency market. Research in International Business and Finance, 51, 101080. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2019.101080

Srivastava, Shashi Kant, Verma, Deepika Chandra, Jangirala, Srinivas & Yadav, Janardan Krishna (2024). The Genesis of Crypto-Economy: Application of the Institutional Theory. VIKALPA: The Journal for Decision Makers, 49(3), 244-256. https://doi.org/10.1177/02560909241271742

Susanto, Asmara Nova & Afifah, Wiwik (2024). The Role of Institutions Supporting the Investigation of Evidence in Money Laundering Crimes Using Cryptocurrency. INNOVATIVE: Journal Of Social Science Research, 4(6), 3144-3160. https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v4i6.16726

Thi Hang, Nga Phan (2025). Sanctions and Cryptocurrency: a Catalyst for Digital Adoption? Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 33(3), 406-424. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRC-08-2024-0156

Tsakaev, A. & Khadzhiev, M. (2019). Taxation and Tax Transformations to the А Digital Economy Conditions. Industry 4.0, 4(3), 134-137.

United Nations (2022). Human Development Report 2021/2022: Uncertain Times, Unsettled Lives: Shaping our Future in a Transforming World. United Nations Development Programme. https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22reportenglish_0.pdf

Weyland, Kurt (2020). Populism´s Threat to Democracy: Comparative Lessons for the United States. Perspectives on Politics, 18(2), 389-406. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1537592719003955

World Bank (19 June 2026). Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI): Interactive data access. https://www.worldbank.org/en/publication/worldwide-governance-indicators/interactive-data-access

Yazbek, Itrat Rehman & Rehman, Shafiq-ur (2024). Is Crypto a New Emerging Financial Market? A Systematic Literature Review (SLR). International Journal of Social Science and Entrepreneurship (IJSSE), 4(3), 477-492.

Zaman, Asif, Tlemsani, Issam, Matthews, Robin & Hashim, Mohamed Ashmel Mohamed (2025). Assessing the Potential of Blockchain Technology for Islamic Crypto Assets. Competitiveness Review, 35(2), 229-250. https://doi.org/10.1108/CR-05-2023-0100

Publicado
2026-07-31
Cómo citar
Bonilla Guzmán, D., García Gámez, S. de las N., Mora Ruano, R., & Salas Suárez, Álvaro A. (2026). El papel de la gobernanza en la adopción de las criptomonedas: un análisis comparativo entre América Latina y la Europa en desarrollo. Revista de Economía Mundial, 73, 161-186. https://doi.org/10.33776/EUHU/rem.v73i.9400
Sección
Sección General